Extreme Biomimetics.
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Cham :
Springer International Publishing,
2016.
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Table of Contents:
- Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Psychrophiles as Sources for Bioinspiration in Biomineralization and Biological Materials Science; 1.1 Biodiversity of Psychrophilic Organisms; 1.2 Psychrophilic Biosilicification; 1.3 Psychrophilic Diatoms; 1.4 Psychrophilic Silicoflagellates; 1.5 Psychrophilic Radiolarians; 1.6 Psychrophilic Sponges; 1.7 Psychrophilic Biocalcifiers; 1.8 Psychrophilic Microorganisms; 1.9 Psychrophilic Foraminifera; 1.10 Psychrophilic Sponges (Calcarea); 1.11 Psychrophilic Bryozoa; 1.12 Psychrophilic Corals; 1.13 Psychrophilic Molluscs; 1.14 Psychrophilic Echinoderms.
- 1.15 Psychrophilic Crustaceans1.16 Icefish; 1.16.1 Taxonomy, Description, and Distribution; 1.16.2 Antifreeze Glycoproteins; 1.17 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 2 Cold Biosilicification in Metazoan: Psychrophilic Glass Sponges; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Early History of Glass Sponge Investigations; 2.1.2 Hexactinellida; 2.1.3 Psychrophiles; 2.1.4 Physical Properties of the Ocean Waters; 2.2 Distribution of Hexactinellida; 2.2.1 Depth Distribution; 2.2.2 Some Peculiarities About Hexactinellid Sponges are Connected with Specific Geological Conditions.
- 2.3 Areas with Dense Aggregations of Hexactinellida2.3.1 Recent Hexactinellid Reefs; 2.3.2 Spicule Mats; 2.4 Cultivation of Hexactinellids in the Laboratory Under Psychrofile Conditions; 2.5 Observations on Growth and Death of Hexactinellida; 2.6 Biosilicification in Hexactinellids; 2.7 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Psychrophilic Calcification In Vitro; 3.1 Identification of Calcium Phosphate Phases in Hard Tissues of Ice Fish; 3.2 Characterization of Selected Icefish Mineralized Tissues Using Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS); 3.2.1 NEXAFS C1s-Spectra.
- 3.2.2 NEXAFS P2p-Spectra3.2.3 NEXAFS Ca2p-Spectra; 3.3 Identification of Hydroxyapatite Within Skeletal Structures of Icefish Using High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR TEM) and Electron Diffraction; 3.4 In Vitro Biomimetic Synthesis of the Fish Bone Tissue at Subzero Temperature; 3.5 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 4 Endemism and Biodiversity of Hydrothermal Vent Fauna; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Extreme Environment; 4.3 Trophic Specialization and Food Web; 4.4 Biodiversity; 4.4.1 Taxonomic Richness; 4.4.2 Dominating Taxa; 4.4.3 Rare or Absent Groups; 4.5 Endemism.
- 4.6 ConclusionsAcknowledgments; References; 5 Comparative In Situ Microscopic Observation of Cellulose and Chitin in Hydrothermal Conditions; 5.1 Cellulose and Chitin; 5.2 Optical Microscopy for Studying Physicochemical Phenomena in Hydrothermal Conditions; 5.3 In Situ Microscopic Observation of Cellulose in Hydrothermal Conditions; 5.3.1 Crystalline-to-Amorphous Transformation of Cellulose; 5.3.2 Effect of Crystalline Structure; 5.4 In Situ Microscopic Observation of Chitin in Hydrothermal Conditions.