Elihu Root
Elihu Root (; February 15, 1845February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer, Republican politician, and statesman who served as the 41st United States Secretary of War under presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt and the 38th United States Secretary of State under Roosevelt. In both positions as well as a long legal career, he pioneered the American practice of international law. Root is sometimes considered the prototype of the 20th-century political "wise man", advising presidents on a range of foreign and domestic issues. He also served as a United States Senator from New York and received the 1912 Nobel Peace Prize.Root was a leading New York City lawyer who moved frequently between high-level appointed government positions in Washington, D.C., and private-sector legal practice in New York. He headed organizations such as the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the American Society of International Law.
As Secretary of War from 1899 to 1904, Root administered colonial possessions won in the Spanish–American War. Root favored a paternalistic approach to colonial administration, emphasizing technology, engineering, and disinterested public service. He helped craft the Foraker Act of 1900, the Platt Amendment of 1901, and the Philippine Organic Act (1902). Root also modernized the Army into a professional military apparatus with a general staff, restructured the National Guard, and established the U.S. Army War College.
Root returned to the Roosevelt administration as Secretary of State from 1905 to 1909. He modernized the consular service by minimizing patronage, maintained the Open Door Policy in China, promoted friendly relations with Latin America, and resolved frictions with Japan over the immigration and treatment of Japanese citizens to the West Coast of the United States. He negotiated 24 bilateral international arbitration treaties, which led to the creation of the Permanent Court of International Justice.
As a United States Senator from New York, Root was a conservative supporter of President William Howard Taft, playing a central role in Taft's nomination to a second term at the 1912 Republican National Convention. By 1916, he was a leading proponent of military preparedness with the expectation that the United States would enter World War I. President Woodrow Wilson sent him to Russia in 1917 in an unsuccessful effort to establish an alliance with the new revolutionary government that had replaced the Czar. Root supported Wilson's vision of the League of Nations but with reservations along the lines proposed by Republican senator Henry Cabot Lodge. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
New York, 1907
New York, 1907
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by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Cambridge : Harvard university press, 1924
Cambridge : Harvard university press, 1924
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3
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Washington : [United States Government Printing Office], 1913
Washington : [United States Government Printing Office], 1913
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Book
4
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Washington Sudwarth, printer, 1906
Washington Sudwarth, printer, 1906
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5
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
New York, Arno Press, 1974
Other Authors:
“...Root, Elihu, 1845-1937...”New York, Arno Press, 1974
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6
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
New Haven : Yale University Press, 1911
New Haven : Yale University Press, 1911
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7
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1913
Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1913
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8
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Littleton, Colo. : F.B. Rothman, 1982
Littleton, Colo. : F.B. Rothman, 1982
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9
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
[Washington, D. C., 1921
[Washington, D. C., 1921
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10
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Washington : La Dotación, 1921
Washington : La Dotación, 1921
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11
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Baltimore, [publisher not identified], 1911
Baltimore, [publisher not identified], 1911
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12
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Book
13
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Lima : Imp. americana, 1906
Lima : Imp. americana, 1906
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14
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Cambridge [Mass.] : Havard University Press, 1917
Cambridge [Mass.] : Havard University Press, 1917
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Book
15
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
Washington, D.C. : Committee on Public Information, 1917
Washington, D.C. : Committee on Public Information, 1917
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16
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
[Washington? D.C.] : [publisher not identified], 1900
[Washington? D.C.] : [publisher not identified], 1900
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17
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
[Princeton, NJ], [publisher not identified], 1913
[Princeton, NJ], [publisher not identified], 1913
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Book
18
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
[Plattsburgh?] : [Lake Champlain Tercentenary Commission?], 1909
[Plattsburgh?] : [Lake Champlain Tercentenary Commission?], 1909
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Book
19
by Root, Elihu, 1845-1937
New York, AMS Press 1970
New York, AMS Press 1970
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20
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Manuscript