James Bowdoin
James Bowdoin II ( ; August 7, 1726 – November 6, 1790) was an American political and intellectual leader from Boston, Massachusetts, during the American Revolution and the following decade. He initially gained fame and influence as a wealthy merchant. He served in both branches of the Massachusetts General Court from the 1750s to the 1770s. Although he was initially supportive of the royal governors, he opposed British colonial policy and eventually became an influential advocate of independence. He authored a highly political report on the 1770 Boston Massacre that has been described by historian Francis Walett as one of the most influential pieces of writing that shaped public opinion in the colonies.From 1775 to 1777, he served as president of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress's executive council, the ''de facto'' head of the Massachusetts government. He was elected president of the constitutional convention that drafted the state's constitution in 1779, and ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1780, losing to John Hancock. In 1785, following Hancock's resignation, he was elected governor. Due to the large debts of Massachusetts, incurred from the Revolutionary War, Bowdoin ran on a platform of fiscal responsibility. During his two years in office, the combination of poor economic conditions and his harsh fiscal policy laid down by his government led to the uprising known as Shays' Rebellion. Bowdoin personally funded militia forces that were instrumental in putting down the uprising. His high-handed treatment of the rebels may have contributed to his loss of the 1787 election, in which the populist Hancock was returned to office.
In addition to his political activities, Bowdoin was active in scientific pursuits, collaborating with Benjamin Franklin in his pioneering research on electricity. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1787. He was a founder and first president of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, to whom he bequeathed his library. Bowdoin College in Maine was named in his honor after a bequest by his son James III. Provided by Wikipedia
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Manuscript
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by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston: : Printed by Adams and Nourse, in Court-Street., 1786
Boston: : Printed by Adams and Nourse, in Court-Street., 1786
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Electronic
Book
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by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston New-England: : Printed and sold by Green and Russell, at their printing-office in Queen-Street., 1759
Boston New-England: : Printed and sold by Green and Russell, at their printing-office in Queen-Street., 1759
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Electronic
Book
4
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1787
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1787
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Book
5
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
[Boston : s.n, 1786
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”[Boston : s.n, 1786
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Electronic
Book
6
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1787
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1787
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Electronic
Book
7
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston: : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street., 1780
Boston: : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street., 1780
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Electronic
Book
8
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
[Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons?, 1780
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”[Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons?, 1780
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Book
9
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1785
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, printers to the General Court, 1785
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Book
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by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Done in (Court-Street) Boston : by Edward Eveleth Powars, 1787
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”Done in (Court-Street) Boston : by Edward Eveleth Powars, 1787
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Electronic
Book
12
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Book
13
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, in Court-Street., 1786
Boston : Printed by Adams and Nourse, in Court-Street., 1786
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Book
14
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston New-England: : Printed and sold by Green and Russell, at their printing-office in Queen-Street., 1759
Boston New-England: : Printed and sold by Green and Russell, at their printing-office in Queen-Street., 1759
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Book
15
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston: : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street., 1780
Boston: : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street., 1780
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Book
16
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
[Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons?, 1780
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”[Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons?, 1780
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Book
17
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street, 1780
Boston : Printed by Benjamin Edes and Sons, in State Street, 1780
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Book
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by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston, 1897
Boston, 1897
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Book
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by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Boston : The Society, 1897
Boston : The Society, 1897
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Book
20
by Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790
Done in (Court-Street) Boston : by Edward Eveleth Powars, 1787
Other Authors:
“...Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790...”Done in (Court-Street) Boston : by Edward Eveleth Powars, 1787
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Book