Arnold Schoenberg
Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, ; ; 13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. As a Jewish composer, Schoenberg was targeted by the Nazi Party, which labeled his works as degenerate music and forbade them from being published. He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941.Schoenberg's approach, both in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of 20th-century musical thought. Many composers from at least three generations have consciously extended his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against it.
Schoenberg was known early in his career for simultaneously extending the traditionally opposed German Romantic styles of Brahms and Wagner. Later, his name would come to personify innovations in atonality (although Schoenberg himself detested that term) that would become the most polemical feature of 20th-century classical music. In the 1920s, Schoenberg developed the twelve-tone technique, an influential compositional method of manipulating an ordered series of all twelve notes in the chromatic scale. He also coined the term developing variation and was the first modern composer to embrace ways of developing motifs without resorting to the dominance of a centralized melodic idea.
Schoenberg was also an influential teacher of composition; his students included Alban Berg, Anton Webern, Hanns Eisler, Egon Wellesz, Nikos Skalkottas and later John Cage, Lou Harrison, Earl Kim, Robert Gerhard, Leon Kirchner, Dika Newlin, Oscar Levant, Vilma von Webenau, and other prominent musicians. Many of Schoenberg's practices, including the formalization of compositional method and his habit of openly inviting audiences to think analytically, are echoed in avant-garde musical thought throughout the 20th century. His often polemical views of music history and aesthetics were crucial to many significant 20th-century musicologists and critics, including Theodor W. Adorno, Charles Rosen, and Carl Dahlhaus, as well as the pianists Artur Schnabel, Rudolf Serkin, Eduard Steuermann, and Glenn Gould.
Schoenberg's archival legacy is collected at the Arnold Schönberg Center in Vienna. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Mercury, 1953
Mercury, 1953
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22
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Hamburg : Deutsche Grammophon, 1990
Other Authors:
“...Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951...”Hamburg : Deutsche Grammophon, 1990
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23
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
New York; London : G. Schirmer 1944
New York; London : G. Schirmer 1944
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
New York : C. F. Peters, 1952
New York : C. F. Peters, 1952
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27
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Berkeley : University of California Press, 1984
First paperback edition with revisions.
Berkeley : University of California Press, 1984
First paperback edition with revisions.
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28
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Dover Publications 1969
Dover Publications 1969
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29
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
France : Le Chant du Monde : Distribution Harmonia Mundi, 1986
France : Le Chant du Monde : Distribution Harmonia Mundi, 1986
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31
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Columbia, 1975
Other Authors:
“...Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951...”Columbia, 1975
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32
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
KØbenhaven & Leipzig : W. Hansen; [etc., etc.], 1924
KØbenhaven & Leipzig : W. Hansen; [etc., etc.], 1924
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33
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
New York : G. Schirmer, 1935
New York : G. Schirmer, 1935
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34
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
[Wien] : Universal Edition, 1956
[Wien] : Universal Edition, 1956
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Mineola, NY : Dover Publications, 2002; 1922
Mineola, NY : Dover Publications, 2002; 1922
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36
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
CBS Classics 1442; 1974
CBS Classics 1442; 1974
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37
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
[Wien] : Universal Edition 1950
[Wien] : Universal Edition 1950
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38
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
New York : G. Schirmer 1963
New York : G. Schirmer 1963
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39
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne 1958
Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne 1958
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
New York : E. B Marks 1949
New York : E. B Marks 1949
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