Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (; 15 January 1622 (baptised) – 17 February 1673), known by his stage name Molière (, , ), was a French playwright, actor, and poet, widely regarded as one of the great writers in the French language and world literature. His extant works include comedies, farces, tragicomedies, comédie-ballets, and more. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed at the Comédie-Française more often than those of any other playwright today. His influence is such that the French language is often referred to as the "language of Molière".Born into a prosperous family and having studied at the Collège de Clermont (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Molière was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Thirteen years as an itinerant actor helped him polish his comedic abilities while he began writing, combining Commedia dell'arte elements with the more refined French comedy.
Through the patronage of aristocrats including Philippe I, Duke of Orléans—the brother of Louis XIV—Molière procured a command performance before the King at the Louvre. Performing a classic play by Pierre Corneille and a farce of his own, ''The Doctor in Love'', Molière was granted the use of salle du Petit-Bourbon near the Louvre, a spacious room appointed for theatrical performances. Later, he was granted the use of the theatre in the Palais-Royal. In both locations, Molière found success among Parisians with plays such as ''The Affected Ladies'', ''The School for Husbands'', and ''The School for Wives''. This royal favour brought a royal pension to his troupe and the title ''Troupe du Roi'' ("The King's Troupe"). Molière continued as the official author of court entertainments.
Despite the adulation of the court and Parisians, Molière's satires attracted criticism from other circles. For ''Tartuffe's'' impiety, the Catholic Church in France denounced this study of religious hypocrisy, which was followed by a ban by the Parlement, while ''Dom Juan'' was withdrawn and never restaged by Molière. His hard work in so many theatrical capacities took its toll on his health and, by 1667, he was forced to take a break from the stage. In 1673, during a production of his final play, ''The Imaginary Invalid'', Molière, who suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, was seized by a coughing fit and a haemorrhage while playing the hypochondriac Argan; he finished the performance but collapsed again and died a few hours later. Provided by Wikipedia
141
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Didier, 1968
Paris : Didier, 1968
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142
143
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Paris] : Gallimard, 1994
Other Authors:
“...Molière, 1622-1673...”[Paris] : Gallimard, 1994
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144
by Molière, 1622-1673
Great Neck, N. Y. : Barron's Educational Series, 1957
Great Neck, N. Y. : Barron's Educational Series, 1957
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145
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
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146
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1883
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1883
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147
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Hatier, 1966
Paris : Hatier, 1966
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148
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
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149
150
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Societe les Belles Lettres, 1935
Paris : Societe les Belles Lettres, 1935
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151
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
Paris, Librairie de la Bibliothèque nationale, 1882
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152
153
by Molière, 1622-1673
New York, N.Y. : Ameruican R.D.M. Corp., 1967
New York, N.Y. : Ameruican R.D.M. Corp., 1967
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154
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1679
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1679
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155
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1678
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1678
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156
by Molière, 1622-1673
A Paris : Chez [brace] Barba, libraire ... Hubert, libraire ..., 1817
Nouvelle 'edition, conforme a la repr'esentation.
A Paris : Chez [brace] Barba, libraire ... Hubert, libraire ..., 1817
Nouvelle 'edition, conforme a la repr'esentation.
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157
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1674
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1674
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158
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : F. Didot frères, 1851
Paris : F. Didot frères, 1851
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159
by Molière, 1622-1673
New York : Hippocrene Books, 1996
New York : Hippocrene Books, 1996
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160
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