Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (; 15 January 1622 (baptised) – 17 February 1673), known by his stage name Molière (, , ), was a French playwright, actor, and poet, widely regarded as one of the great writers in the French language and world literature. His extant works include comedies, farces, tragicomedies, comédie-ballets, and more. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed at the Comédie-Française more often than those of any other playwright today. His influence is such that the French language is often referred to as the "language of Molière".Born into a prosperous family and having studied at the Collège de Clermont (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Molière was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Thirteen years as an itinerant actor helped him polish his comedic abilities while he began writing, combining Commedia dell'arte elements with the more refined French comedy.
Through the patronage of aristocrats including Philippe I, Duke of Orléans—the brother of Louis XIV—Molière procured a command performance before the King at the Louvre. Performing a classic play by Pierre Corneille and a farce of his own, ''The Doctor in Love'', Molière was granted the use of salle du Petit-Bourbon near the Louvre, a spacious room appointed for theatrical performances. Later, he was granted the use of the theatre in the Palais-Royal. In both locations, Molière found success among Parisians with plays such as ''The Affected Ladies'', ''The School for Husbands'', and ''The School for Wives''. This royal favour brought a royal pension to his troupe and the title ''Troupe du Roi'' ("The King's Troupe"). Molière continued as the official author of court entertainments.
Despite the adulation of the court and Parisians, Molière's satires attracted criticism from other circles. For ''Tartuffe's'' impiety, the Catholic Church in France denounced this study of religious hypocrisy, which was followed by a ban by the Parlement, while ''Dom Juan'' was withdrawn and never restaged by Molière. His hard work in so many theatrical capacities took its toll on his health and, by 1667, he was forced to take a break from the stage. In 1673, during a production of his final play, ''The Imaginary Invalid'', Molière, who suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, was seized by a coughing fit and a haemorrhage while playing the hypochondriac Argan; he finished the performance but collapsed again and died a few hours later. Provided by Wikipedia
201
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Académie des bibliophiles, 1867
Paris : Académie des bibliophiles, 1867
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202
by Molière, 1622-1673
Vienne en Autriche : Chez Jean Pierre van Ghelen, imprimeur ..., 1752
Vienne en Autriche : Chez Jean Pierre van Ghelen, imprimeur ..., 1752
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203
by Molière, 1622-1673
Philadelphia : G. Barrie, 1800
A new edition, with a prefatory memoir, introductory notices and notes.
Philadelphia : G. Barrie, 1800
A new edition, with a prefatory memoir, introductory notices and notes.
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204
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1670
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1670
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205
by Molière, 1622-1673
New York : Samuel French, 1915
New York : Samuel French, 1915
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206
207
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Place of publication not identified] : Société d'imprimerie et librairie administratives et classiques, 1888
[Place of publication not identified] : Société d'imprimerie et librairie administratives et classiques, 1888
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208
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Chez Paulin, 1835
Paris : Chez Paulin, 1835
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209
by Molière, 1622-1673
Ann Arbor : [publisher not identified], 1907
Ann Arbor : [publisher not identified], 1907
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210
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Ann Arbor, Mich.] : [Ann Arbor Press], 1913
[Ann Arbor, Mich.] : [Ann Arbor Press], 1913
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211
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1675
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1675
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212
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213
by Molière, 1622-1673
Nürnberg : bey Johann Daniel Taubern, 1695
Nürnberg : bey Johann Daniel Taubern, 1695
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214
by Molière, 1622-1673
A Paris : Chez [brace] Barba, libraire ... Hubert, libraire ..., 1817
Nouvelle 'edition, conforme a la repr'esentation.
A Paris : Chez [brace] Barba, libraire ... Hubert, libraire ..., 1817
Nouvelle 'edition, conforme a la repr'esentation.
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215
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Société Anonyme de Publications Périodiques, 1912
Paris : Société Anonyme de Publications Périodiques, 1912
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216
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Chez l'Heureux, 1823
Paris : Chez l'Heureux, 1823
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217
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1680
[Amsterdam] : [Daniel Elzevier] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1680
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218
by Molière, 1622-1673
Boston ; New York [etc.] : Ginn and Company, 1914
Boston ; New York [etc.] : Ginn and Company, 1914
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219
by Molière, 1622-1673
Paris : Delongchamps ... : Urbain Canel ... : Baudouin frères ..., 1826
Paris : Delongchamps ... : Urbain Canel ... : Baudouin frères ..., 1826
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220
by Molière, 1622-1673
[Amsterdam?] : [Wetstein?] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1688
[Amsterdam?] : [Wetstein?] : Suivant la copie imprimée a Paris, 1688
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