John Hay
John Milton Hay (October 8, 1838July 1, 1905) was an American statesman and official whose career in government stretched over almost half a century. Beginning as a private secretary and an assistant for Abraham Lincoln, he became a diplomat. He served as United States Secretary of State under Presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt. Hay was also a biographer of Lincoln, and wrote poetry and other literature throughout his life.Born in Salem, Indiana to an anti-slavery family that moved to Warsaw, Illinois, Hay showed great potential from an early age, and his family sent him to Brown University. After graduation in 1858, Hay read law in his uncle's office in Springfield, Illinois, adjacent to that of Lincoln. Hay worked for Lincoln's successful presidential campaign and became one of his private secretaries in the White House. Throughout the American Civil War, Hay was close to Lincoln and stood by his deathbed after the President was shot. In addition to his other literary works, Hay co-authored, with John George Nicolay, a ten-volume biography of Lincoln that helped shape the assassinated president's historical image.
After Lincoln's death, Hay spent several years at diplomatic posts in Europe, then worked for the ''New-York Tribune'' under Horace Greeley and Whitelaw Reid. Hay remained active in politics, and from 1879 to 1881 served as Assistant Secretary of State. Afterward, he returned to the private sector, remaining there until President McKinley, of whom he had been a major backer, made him the Ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1897. Hay became the Secretary of State the following year.
Hay served for nearly seven years as Secretary of State under President McKinley and, after McKinley's assassination, under Theodore Roosevelt. Hay was responsible for negotiating the Open Door Policy, which kept China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis, with international powers. By negotiating the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty with the United Kingdom, the (ultimately unratified) Hay–Herrán Treaty with Colombia, and finally the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty with the newly independent Republic of Panama, Hay also cleared the way for the building of the Panama Canal. Provided by Wikipedia
101
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Boston and New York : Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1903
Boston and New York : Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1903
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102
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York : Da Capo Press, 1988
New York : Da Capo Press, 1988
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103
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Boston ; New York : Houghton, Mifflin & company, 1913
Boston ; New York : Houghton, Mifflin & company, 1913
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104
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Washington : Govt. print. off., 1903
Washington : Govt. print. off., 1903
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105
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press, 1999
Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press, 1999
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Book
106
107
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Bethesda, MD : Academica Press, 2006
Bethesda, MD : Academica Press, 2006
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Book
108
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Boston : Houghton Mifflin, 1917
Boston : Houghton Mifflin, 1917
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109
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Washington : Printed but not published, 1908
Washington : Printed but not published, 1908
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110
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York and London : Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1916
New York and London : Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1916
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111
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2005
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2005
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Electronic
Book
112
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2003
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2003
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Electronic
Book
113
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2005
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2005
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Electronic
Book
114
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2004
Salt Lake City : Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2004
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Electronic
Book
115
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York : Gordian Press, 1969
New York : Gordian Press, 1969
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116
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
London : W. Heinemann, 1903
London : W. Heinemann, 1903
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117
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York : The Century co., 1906
New York : The Century co., 1906
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118
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York : The Century Co., 1906
New York : The Century Co., 1906
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119
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
Ridgewood, N. J., Gregg Press 1967
Ridgewood, N. J., Gregg Press 1967
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120
by Hay, John, 1838-1905
New York, The Century co., 1907
New York, The Century co., 1907
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