Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his prolific authorship of music across a variety of instruments and forms, including; orchestral music such as the ''Brandenburg Concertos''; solo instrumental works such as the cello suites and sonatas and partitas for solo violin; keyboard works such as the ''Goldberg Variations'' and ''The Well-Tempered Clavier''; organ works such as the ''Schubler Chorales'' and the Toccata and Fugue in D minor; and choral works such as the ''St Matthew Passion'' and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach Revival, he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Western music.The Bach family already counted several composers when Johann Sebastian was born as the last child of a city musician, Johann Ambrosius, in Eisenach. After being orphaned at the age of 10, he lived for five years with his eldest brother Johann Christoph, after which he continued his musical education in Lüneburg. From 1703 he was back in Thuringia, working as a musician for Protestant churches in Arnstadt and Mühlhausen and, for longer stretches of time, at courts in Weimar, where he expanded his organ repertory, and Köthen, where he was mostly engaged with chamber music. From 1723, he was employed as Thomaskantor (cantor at St Thomas's) in Leipzig. There he composed music for the principal Lutheran churches of the city, and for its university's student ensemble Collegium Musicum. From 1726, he published some of his keyboard and organ music. In Leipzig, as had happened during some of his earlier positions, he had difficult relations with his employer, a situation that was little remedied when he was granted the title of court composer by his sovereign, Augustus III of Poland, in 1736. In the last decades of his life, he reworked and extended many of his earlier compositions. He died of complications after a botched eye surgery in 1750 at the age of 65.
Bach enriched established German styles through his mastery of counterpoint, harmonic, and motivic organisation, and his adaptation of rhythms, forms, and textures from abroad, particularly from Italy and France. Bach's compositions include hundreds of cantatas, both sacred and secular. He composed Latin church music, Passions, oratorios, and motets. He often adopted Lutheran hymns, not only in his larger vocal works, but for instance also in his four-part chorales and his sacred songs. He wrote extensively for organ and for other keyboard instruments. He composed concertos, for instance for violin and for harpsichord, and suites, as chamber music as well as for orchestra. Many of his works employ contrapuntal techniques like canon and fugue.
Throughout the 18th century, Bach was primarily valued as an organist, while his keyboard music, such as ''The Well-Tempered Clavier'', was appreciated for its didactic qualities. The 19th century saw the publication of some major Bach biographies, and by the end of that century all of his known music had been printed. Dissemination of scholarship on the composer continued through periodicals (and later also websites) exclusively devoted to him, and other publications such as the ''Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis'' (BWV, a numbered catalogue of his works) and new critical editions of his compositions. His music was further popularised through a multitude of arrangements, including the ''Air on the G String'' and "Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring", and of recordings, such as three different box sets with complete performances of the composer's oeuvre marking the 250th anniversary of his death. Provided by Wikipedia
201
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Archive Production, 1963
Other Authors:
“...Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750...”Archive Production, 1963
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202
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Köln : EMI, 1987
Other Authors:
“...Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750...”Köln : EMI, 1987
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203
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
New York, N.Y. : ECM/Universal Records, 2001
Other Authors:
“...Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750...”New York, N.Y. : ECM/Universal Records, 2001
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204
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Kassel : Bärenreiter, 1980
Kassel : Bärenreiter, 1980
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Musical Score
Book
205
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Musical Score
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206
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Ambronay, France : Ambronay ; Distribution, Harmonia Mundi, 2006
Ambronay, France : Ambronay ; Distribution, Harmonia Mundi, 2006
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207
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
[W.] Germany : Archive Production, 1957
[W.] Germany : Archive Production, 1957
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208
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Philadelphia : Elkan-Vogel, 1938
Philadelphia : Elkan-Vogel, 1938
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Musical Score
Book
209
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Hamburg, Germany : Teldec Classics International, 1999
Hamburg, Germany : Teldec Classics International, 1999
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210
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Musical Score
Book
211
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Musical Score
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212
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Germany : Heliodor, 1953
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“...Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750...”Germany : Heliodor, 1953
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213
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214
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Musical Score
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215
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216
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
S.l. : Archive Production, 1958
S.l. : Archive Production, 1958
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217
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Leipzig : Edition Peters, 1979
Leipzig : Edition Peters, 1979
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Musical Score
Book
218
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Karlsruhe Amphion Records 2001
Karlsruhe Amphion Records 2001
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219
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
Leipzig : E. Eulenburg, 1913
Leipzig : E. Eulenburg, 1913
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Musical Score
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220
by Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750
S.l. : Cantate, 1960
Other Authors:
“...Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750...”S.l. : Cantate, 1960
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